Laravel Job Batching, Chaining & Rate Limiting | Mohamed Said [ ![Mohamed Said](https://cdn.msaied.com/01KT78WE565VEMM3PSNQAAB0MH.png) Mohamed Said Laravel Backend Engineer ](https://msaied.com) [ Home ](https://msaied.com) [ Projects ](https://msaied.com/projects) [ Articles ](https://msaied.com/articles) [ Certificates ](https://msaied.com/certificates) [ Contact ](https://msaied.com#contact-section) [ ](https://github.com/EG-Mohamed) [ Home ](https://msaied.com) [ Projects ](https://msaied.com/projects) [ Articles ](https://msaied.com/articles) [ Certificates ](https://msaied.com/certificates) [ Contact ](https://msaied.com#contact-section) [ home ](https://msaied.com) [ articles ](https://msaied.com/articles) Job Batching, Chaining, and Rate-Limited Middleware in Laravel Queues On this page 1. [ Why Basic dispatch() Is Not Enough ](#why-basic-codedispatchcode-is-not-enough) 2. [ Job Batching with Bus::batch() ](#job-batching-with-codebusbatchcode) 3. [ Adding Jobs to a Running Batch ](#adding-jobs-to-a-running-batch) 4. [ Job Chaining with Bus::chain() ](#job-chaining-with-codebuschaincode) 5. [ Rate-Limited Job Middleware ](#rate-limited-job-middleware) 6. [ Custom Backoff on Rate Limit ](#custom-backoff-on-rate-limit) 7. [ Combining All Three ](#combining-all-three) 8. [ Key Takeaways ](#key-takeaways) ![Job Batching, Chaining, and Rate-Limited Middleware in Laravel Queues](https://cdn.msaied.com/515/f0ef4270f8cb79ceff107c7a7c63f1ed.png) #laravel #queues #jobs #horizon #async Job Batching, Chaining, and Rate-Limited Middleware in Laravel Queues ======================================================================= 6 Aug 2026 3 min read ![Mohamed Said](https://cdn.msaied.com/01M22N44A70A5MC2S599JP0MPH.webp) Mohamed Said Table of contents 1. [ 01 Why Basic dispatch() Is Not Enough ](#why-basic-codedispatchcode-is-not-enough) 2. [ 02 Job Batching with Bus::batch() ](#job-batching-with-codebusbatchcode) 3. [ 03 Adding Jobs to a Running Batch ](#adding-jobs-to-a-running-batch) 4. [ 04 Job Chaining with Bus::chain() ](#job-chaining-with-codebuschaincode) 5. [ 05 Rate-Limited Job Middleware ](#rate-limited-job-middleware) 6. [ 06 Custom Backoff on Rate Limit ](#custom-backoff-on-rate-limit) 7. [ 07 Combining All Three ](#combining-all-three) 8. [ 08 Key Takeaways ](#key-takeaways) Why Basic `dispatch()` Is Not Enough ------------------------------------ Single-job dispatching works fine for isolated tasks, but real SaaS workloads demand coordination: import a CSV, notify each row's owner, then send a summary email. Get any step wrong and you want partial retries — not a full restart. Laravel's batch and chain APIs, combined with rate-limited job middleware, give you that control. --- Job Batching with `Bus::batch()` -------------------------------- Batches let you dispatch a collection of jobs and react when the whole set finishes, partially fails, or is cancelled. ```php use Illuminate\Bus\Batch; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Bus; $batch = Bus::batch([ new ProcessRowJob($row) for $row in $rows, // spread or array ]) ->then(fn (Batch $batch) => SummaryMail::dispatch($batch->id)) ->catch(fn (Batch $batch, Throwable $e) => Log::error('Batch failed', [ 'batch' => $batch->id, 'error' => $e->getMessage(), ])) ->finally(fn (Batch $batch) => BatchCompleted::dispatch($batch->id)) ->name('csv-import') ->allowFailures() // keep running even if some jobs fail ->dispatch(); ``` > `allowFailures()` is critical for large imports: one bad row should not cancel 10,000 others. Track progress in Filament or a dashboard via `$batch->progress()`, `$batch->failedJobs`, and `$batch->pendingJobs`. ### Adding Jobs to a Running Batch Inside a batched job you can append more work — useful for tree-shaped workloads: ```php public function handle(): void { $this->batch()->add([ new ProcessChildJob($this->parentId, $child) foreach ($this->children() as $child), ]); } ``` --- Job Chaining with `Bus::chain()` -------------------------------- Chains enforce strict sequential execution. If any job fails, the rest are abandoned. ```php Bus::chain([ new VerifyPayment($orderId), new FulfillOrder($orderId), new SendConfirmationEmail($orderId), ]) ->catch(fn (Throwable $e) => Order::fail($orderId, $e->getMessage())) ->dispatch(); ``` You can mix batches inside chains for fan-out/fan-in patterns: ```php Bus::chain([ new PrepareImport($fileId), Bus::batch($rowJobs)->allowFailures(), new FinaliseImport($fileId), ])->dispatch(); ``` This runs `PrepareImport`, then all row jobs in parallel, then `FinaliseImport` — a powerful pattern for ETL pipelines. --- Rate-Limited Job Middleware --------------------------- Throttling at the job level prevents hammering third-party APIs regardless of how many workers you run. ```php use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\RateLimited; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter; // AppServiceProvider::boot() RateLimiter::for('stripe', fn () => Limit::perMinute(100)->by('stripe-api') ); // Inside the job public function middleware(): array { return [new RateLimited('stripe')]; } ``` When the limit is hit, the job is **automatically released back** to the queue with an exponential backoff — no manual `$this->release()` needed. ### Custom Backoff on Rate Limit ```php use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\RateLimitedWithRedis; public function middleware(): array { return [(new RateLimitedWithRedis('stripe'))->dontRelease()]; // dontRelease() deletes the job instead of re-queuing — use carefully } ``` `RateLimitedWithRedis` uses atomic Lua scripts for precise per-second limits, making it safer under Horizon's multi-worker concurrency. --- Combining All Three ------------------- A production import pipeline might look like: ```php Bus::chain([ new ValidateFile($fileId), // sequential Bus::batch($parseJobs)->allowFailures(), // parallel parse Bus::batch($enrichJobs)->allowFailures(), // parallel API calls (rate-limited) new GenerateReport($fileId), // sequential ])->dispatch(); ``` Each `enrichJob` carries `RateLimited('external-api')` middleware, so the batch fans out as fast as the limiter allows without a single line of throttle logic in the business code. --- Key Takeaways ------------- - Use **`Bus::batch()`** for parallel fan-out; use **`allowFailures()`** for fault-tolerant imports. - Use **`Bus::chain()`** for strict sequential steps; nest batches inside chains for fan-out/fan-in. - Attach **`RateLimited`** middleware at the job level — it survives worker restarts and scales across all Horizon processes. - Prefer **`RateLimitedWithRedis`** over the plain variant when you need sub-second precision. - Track batch state via `$batch->progress()` for real-time dashboards without polling your database directly. Found this useful? [ ](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmsaied.com%2Farticles%2Fjob-batching-chaining-and-rate-limited-middleware-in-laravel-queues-4&text=Job+Batching%2C+Chaining%2C+and+Rate-Limited+Middleware+in+Laravel+Queues) [ ](https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmsaied.com%2Farticles%2Fjob-batching-chaining-and-rate-limited-middleware-in-laravel-queues-4) Frequently Asked Questions ---------------------------- 3 questions Q01 What happens to a batch when one job throws an exception and `allowFailures()` is set? The failed job is recorded in `job_batches.failed_jobs` and the `catch` callback fires, but the remaining pending jobs continue processing. The batch only moves to `finally` once all jobs have either completed or failed. Q02 Can I use `RateLimited` middleware with batched jobs? Yes. Each job in a batch is an independent queue message, so middleware is applied per-job. Rate-limited jobs are released back to the queue and retried, which may slow overall batch completion but will not cancel the batch. Q03 How do I prevent a chain from silently swallowing failures? Always attach a `->catch()` callback to `Bus::chain()`. Without it, a failed job abandons the rest of the chain with no notification. The callback receives the `Throwable` so you can alert, compensate, or update domain state. 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