Laravel Job Batching, Chaining & Rate Limiting | Mohamed Said [ ![Mohamed Said](https://cdn.msaied.com/01KT78WE565VEMM3PSNQAAB0MH.png) Mohamed Said Laravel Backend Engineer ](https://msaied.com) [ Home ](https://msaied.com) [ Projects ](https://msaied.com/projects) [ Articles ](https://msaied.com/articles) [ Certificates ](https://msaied.com/certificates) [ Contact ](https://msaied.com#contact-section) [ ](https://github.com/EG-Mohamed) [ Home ](https://msaied.com) [ Projects ](https://msaied.com/projects) [ Articles ](https://msaied.com/articles) [ Certificates ](https://msaied.com/certificates) [ Contact ](https://msaied.com#contact-section) [ home ](https://msaied.com) [ articles ](https://msaied.com/articles) Job Batching, Chaining, and Rate-Limited Middleware in Laravel Queues On this page 1. [ Beyond dispatch(): Composing Work in Laravel Queues ](#beyond-codedispatchcode-composing-work-in-laravel-queues) 2. [ Job Batching with Bus::batch() ](#job-batching-with-codebusbatchcode) 3. [ Key batch options ](#key-batch-options) 4. [ Safe Job Chaining ](#safe-job-chaining) 5. [ Passing state between chained jobs ](#passing-state-between-chained-jobs) 6. [ Rate-Limited Middleware ](#rate-limited-middleware) 7. [ Combining with WithoutOverlapping ](#combining-with-codewithoutoverlappingcode) 8. [ Mixing Batches and Chains ](#mixing-batches-and-chains) 9. [ Takeaways ](#takeaways) ![Job Batching, Chaining, and Rate-Limited Middleware in Laravel Queues](https://cdn.msaied.com/353/89d47dc6b618d5435f9d7f333b75e922.png) #laravel #queues #jobs #concurrency Job Batching, Chaining, and Rate-Limited Middleware in Laravel Queues ======================================================================= 3 Jul 2026 3 min read ![Mohamed Said](https://cdn.msaied.com/01KT78WE565VEMM3PSNQAAB0MJ.jpg) Mohamed Said Table of contents 9 sections 1. [ 01 Beyond dispatch(): Composing Work in Laravel Queues ](#beyond-codedispatchcode-composing-work-in-laravel-queues) 2. [ 02 Job Batching with Bus::batch() ](#job-batching-with-codebusbatchcode) 3. [ 03 Key batch options ](#key-batch-options) 4. [ 04 Safe Job Chaining ](#safe-job-chaining) 5. [ 05 Passing state between chained jobs ](#passing-state-between-chained-jobs) 6. [ 06 Rate-Limited Middleware ](#rate-limited-middleware) 7. [ 07 Combining with WithoutOverlapping ](#combining-with-codewithoutoverlappingcode) 8. [ 08 Mixing Batches and Chains ](#mixing-batches-and-chains) 9. [ 09 Takeaways ](#takeaways) Beyond `dispatch()`: Composing Work in Laravel Queues ----------------------------------------------------- Most Laravel applications outgrow simple fire-and-forget dispatches quickly. When you need to process a CSV of 50,000 rows, sync data to three external APIs, then send a summary email — you need batching, chaining, and throttling working together. --- Job Batching with `Bus::batch()` -------------------------------- Batches let you dispatch a collection of jobs and react to their collective outcome. ```php use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Bus; use App\Jobs\ProcessOrderRow; $batch = Bus::batch( $orders->map(fn ($order) => new ProcessOrderRow($order)) )->then(function (\Illuminate\Bus\Batch $batch) { // All jobs succeeded SummaryNotification::dispatch($batch->id); })->catch(function (\Illuminate\Bus\Batch $batch, \Throwable $e) { // First failure — batch continues unless you call $batch->cancel() Log::error('Batch failure', ['batch' => $batch->id, 'error' => $e->getMessage()]); })->finally(function (\Illuminate\Bus\Batch $batch) { // Always runs — success or failure BatchAudit::record($batch->id, $batch->failedJobs); })->allowFailures()->dispatch(); ``` ### Key batch options - `->allowFailures()` — the batch continues even when individual jobs fail; omit it to cancel on first failure. - `->onQueue('imports')` — route the entire batch to a specific queue. - `->name('order-import')` — label it for Horizon's UI. Store the `$batch->id` on your model so you can poll progress via `Bus::findBatch($id)`. --- Safe Job Chaining ----------------- Chaining is sequential: each job only runs if the previous one succeeded. ```php use App\Jobs\{FetchRemoteData, TransformData, PersistData}; FetchRemoteData::withChain([ new TransformData(), new PersistData(), ])->dispatch($importId); ``` ### Passing state between chained jobs Chained jobs share no memory. Use a shared model or cache key: ```php class FetchRemoteData implements ShouldQueue { public function handle(): void { $raw = Http::get($this->url)->json(); Cache::put("import:{$this->importId}:raw", $raw, now()->addHour()); } } class TransformData implements ShouldQueue { public function handle(): void { $raw = Cache::get("import:{$this->importId}:raw"); // transform and store transformed result } } ``` Avoid injecting large payloads into the job constructor — the serialised payload is stored in your queue backend. --- Rate-Limited Middleware ----------------------- When you're calling a third-party API with a 100 req/min cap, you need to throttle at the job level, not the HTTP client level. ```php use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\RateLimited; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter; // AppServiceProvider::boot() RateLimiter::for('stripe-api', function () { return Limit::perMinute(80); // leave headroom }); // Job class public function middleware(): array { return [new RateLimited('stripe-api')]; } ``` When the limit is hit, the job is **released back** onto the queue automatically — no manual `$this->release()` needed. ### Combining with `WithoutOverlapping` For jobs that must not run concurrently per-tenant: ```php use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\{RateLimited, WithoutOverlapping}; public function middleware(): array { return [ new WithoutOverlapping($this->tenantId), new RateLimited('stripe-api'), ]; } ``` `WithoutOverlapping` uses an atomic cache lock; set `->expireAfter(120)` to avoid dead locks if a worker crashes mid-job. --- Mixing Batches and Chains ------------------------- You can nest chains inside a batch — each array element can itself be a chain: ```php Bus::batch([ [new ValidateRow($row1), new ImportRow($row1)], [new ValidateRow($row2), new ImportRow($row2)], ])->allowFailures()->dispatch(); ``` Each inner array is treated as an ordered chain; the batch tracks them as a unit. --- Takeaways --------- - Use `->allowFailures()` on batches when partial success is acceptable; omit it when atomicity matters. - Never pass large objects in job constructors — store state in cache or DB and reference by ID. - `RateLimited` middleware releases jobs back to the queue automatically; pair it with a generous `tries` value. - `WithoutOverlapping` prevents concurrent execution per key — always set `expireAfter` to handle worker crashes. - Nest chains inside `Bus::batch()` arrays for parallel-but-ordered workflows. - Monitor batch progress via `Bus::findBatch($id)->progress()` for real-time UI feedback. Found this useful? [ ](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmsaied.com%2Farticles%2Fjob-batching-chaining-and-rate-limited-middleware-in-laravel-queues-2&text=Job+Batching%2C+Chaining%2C+and+Rate-Limited+Middleware+in+Laravel+Queues) [ ](https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmsaied.com%2Farticles%2Fjob-batching-chaining-and-rate-limited-middleware-in-laravel-queues-2) Frequently Asked Questions ---------------------------- 3 questions Q01 What happens to a batch when one job fails and `allowFailures()` is not set? Without `allowFailures()`, the batch is cancelled on the first failure. Pending jobs are not dispatched, but already-running jobs complete. The `catch` callback fires, and `finally` runs after everything settles. Q02 How many times will a rate-limited job retry before it is marked failed? A job released by `RateLimited` middleware does not consume a retry attempt by default. It keeps releasing until the rate limit window clears. Set `$tries` and `$maxExceptions` on the job to cap total attempts if you also want a hard failure ceiling. Q03 Can I add more jobs to an existing batch after it has been dispatched? Yes. Call `Bus::findBatch($id)->add([new AnotherJob()])` from within a job that belongs to the same batch. This is useful for dynamically discovered work, such as paginated API responses. Continue reading More Articles --------------- [ View all ](https://msaied.com/articles) [ ![Cursor Pagination, Chunked Iteration, and Lazy Collections at Scale in Laravel](https://cdn.msaied.com/355/3a6df23a2c16b740843260134fad7c63.png) laravel eloquent performance ### Cursor Pagination, Chunked Iteration, and Lazy Collections at Scale in Laravel Offset pagination breaks under large datasets. 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